Film review

  • Her Way

    Une femme du monde

    Cécile Ducrocq (2021)

    As the lead in Caroline Vignal’s My Donkey, My Lover & I (2020), Laure Calamy gave an expert comic performance that was also emotionally rich.  Her Way sees Calamy in a tougher, grimmer role that she consistently imbues with humour.  As before, she’s remarkably engaging and likeable.  These qualities may be part of her real self but it’s still a talent to express them on camera as another person.  Laure Calamy shows bags of acting skill besides.

    Her Way, Cécile Ducrocq’s second feature, is set in present-day Strasbourg.  Calamy plays Marie, pushing forty, single parent of a seventeen-year-old son, Adrien (Nissim Renard).  The word ‘prostitute’ is ‘burdened with considerable historical and cultural baggage’ (says an i piece by Kate Lister) though it’s how Marie describes herself – for example, to the young bank manager (uncredited on IMDb) from whom she tries and fails to get a loan.  Yet the now more acceptable term ‘sex worker’ has rarely seemed as apt in mainstream screen fiction as it does in Her Way.  Marie is desperate to raise funds to pay Adrien’s fees at the exclusive culinary school in Strasbourg where he wins a place.  When her parents and the bank won’t help, she decides her only option is employment in a sex club across the German border in Offenburg – the euphemistically-named Oltromondo (Inferno would be nearer the mark).  Marie puts in long hours driving to and from the club and working there as a performer and hostess.  The latter label is another euphemism, familiar from films as otherwise different as From Here to Eternity (1953) and Sweet Charity (1969).

    If she sticks to her usual patch and clients in Strasbourg, Marie hasn’t a hope of raising the money needed for the fees at the (fictional) Perrandier school (€9,000 a year, with the first instalment of €5,000 due in a matter of weeks).  In 2016 the French National Assembly effectively de-legalised prostitution by introducing a €1,500 fine for customers caught paying for sex.  Cécile Ducrocq shows street demonstrations by Marie and her co-workers, protesting the deterrent new law.  Marie also has strong views about the importance of independent sex work.  When she complains about the area’s Black prostitutes, she’s not being racist but lamenting that these girls are always controlled by pimps, who in effect dictate the going rate for local services more generally.  Ducrocq outlines this economic and political context efficiently but it seems no more than context.  Until Marie starts commuting to Germany, the film’s main focus is on the protagonist’s relationship with her son and exasperated efforts to rouse him from grumpy defeatism to looking to a future.  In fact, and although it may not have been Ducrocq’s intention, this aspect is handled more persuasively than others throughout Her Way.

    Adrien doesn’t call his mother a prostitute or a sex worker, in public anyway.  He’s already been expelled from a bargain-basement cookery school (he added cannabis to the recipe for a mousse, which a tutor sampled).  In mother-and-son’s interview with a careers adviser (Clara Mulot), Marie who does nearly all the talking but, when the adviser asks about her work, Adrien is quick to answer, ‘Home hairdresser’.  It’s one of his mother’s clients, a married pharmacist called Martin (Maxence Tual), who draws Marie’s attention to Perrandier, which reputedly attaches less importance to an applicant’s qualifications and references than to the potential evident in their letter of application and interview.   And it’s one of Marie’s work colleagues, a trans woman (Romain Brau) known only as ‘the lawyer’ because that’s what she studied to be, who takes on the herculean task of helping unwilling, transphobic Adrien to craft an application.  When she’s telling other people about her son’s promise as a chef – her senior and trusted co-worker Camille (Béatrice Facquer) or her mother (Yolande Besombes) – Marie bubbles over with enthusiasm.  But she doesn’t really believe Perrandier will offer Adrien a place and he’s sure they won’t.  Both are astonished to be proved wrong – Adrien even smiles.  Marie’s fund-raising race against the clock begins.

    That makes Her Way sound like a formula film.  It isn’t that exactly – it certainly doesn’t have a formulaic resolution – but Ducrocq and her co-writer, Stéphane Demoustier (writer-director of The Girl with a Bracelet (2019)), tell their story indecisively.  We’re given no idea why Marie chose sex work as a career – or if she had no choice.  She doesn’t seem unhappy with or ashamed by how she makes a living.  Adrien may be ashamed – he’s at least sensitive to what others will think – but his habitually grumpy manner with his mother isn’t only an expression of resentment of her profession.  The lack of backstory for Marie and of clarity as to Adrien’s attitude isn’t a problem in itself.  Her Way might, indeed, be stronger if the heroine’s present situation were a given and Ducrocq simply described how far Marie was prepared to go for the sake of her son’s future.  It therefore seems a miscalculation when Marie visits her parents, accompanied by Adrien, to ask to borrow money from them.  The episode makes clear that her mother, without explicitly deploring Marie’s line of work, much regrets it.  More important, Adrien is uncharacteristically chirpy on the visit.  On arrival, he greets a dog like an old friend.  It emerges that he used to live with his grandparents.  It’s harder after this to accept that, in Marie’s numerous shouting matches with Adrien, there are never recriminations from him about their present circumstances compared with his earlier life.  Since her parents don’t reappear the trip to their home comes to seem nothing more than the first in a predictable series of setbacks for Marie.

    The scene in which she begs for work at the Oltromondo is, however, excellent.   It’s clear Marie has had past dealings with Bruno (Sam Louwyck), the club’s owner (though not clear what those dealings were):  there’s a powerful tension between her eager pleading and Bruno’s laconic scepticism.  He nevertheless agrees to take her on, on a trial basis, for old times’ sake.  Other early sequences at the club work well, too, as Tatiana (Diana Korudzhiyska), the hostesses’ no-nonsense supervisor, shows Marie the ropes and introduces her to an international line-up of colleagues, most of them suspicious of this mature newcomer to the team.  One or two of the club’s customers supply necessary reminders of the danger and pain that sex work can involve.  Later on, there’s a good moment when, after a fracas in the club, Bruno calmly offers clientele an apology and drinks on the house.  Sam Louwyck’s delivery of the line tells you that Bruno has had plenty of practice speaking it.

    But Ducrocq is too anxious to work in melodramatic incidents and plot twists, as if the narrative won’t be interesting enough without them.  Awa (Amlan Larcher), an African girl working at the club, is arrested as an illegal immigrant.  The Oltromondo pays better than the streets of Strasbourg but not as well as Marie thought or needs; she discovers, while helping Tatiana to clear Awa’s bedroom, an envelope tucked into the mattress.  The envelope contains a thousand euros and Marie pockets it, though she feels guilty about doing so.  Awa is released, returns to the club and discovers her money has gone.  When she accuses Tatiana of the theft, it seems inevitable the boss woman will point the finger at Marie but she doesn’t – not, that is, until the latter’s conscience gets the better of her.  It’s only when she returns the envelope to Awa’s locker that Awa decides Marie was the thief and Tatiana remembers that Marie stripped Awa’s bed.  This is an unwieldy way of getting Marie fired by Bruno and an earlier incident is even clumsier.  Marie is frustrated at her lack of profile on the club’s website until the night Tatiana informs her that a young man has arrived, insisting on seeing Marie:  it’s Adrien, here to tell his mother, in disgust, that one of his pals in Strasbourg has seen online images of her at the Oltromondo.  Outside the place, he continues to rail at his mother and is beaten up by the club’s security man (Mahir Fekih-Slimane).  It makes no sense that Adrien comes all the way from Strasbourg to create this showdown – even less sense that, when they return home, the upsetting incident isn’t mentioned again and appears to have had no effect on Adrien.

    The melodrama gathers pace in Strasbourg, Marie sprinting from one stop to the next on her via dolorosa.  Unable to persuade Perrandier by phone to extend the deadline for payment of fees, she bursts into the place, demanding that the pleasant administrator (Marie Schoenbock) produces the school’s director.  After being thrown out of there, Marie goes to the prefabs where her client Martin sees Black prostitutes; she threatens to blackmail him with photographs she has taken of his visits there unless he gives her the money she needs.  Martin tells her to get lost and, when she remonstrates, pushes her to the ground.  She realises her efforts to raise funds for her son are doomed and admits as much to Adrien when she gets back to their apartment.  Even though Laure Calamy’s empathy with Marie is infectious, this turning point is good news for the film.  When Marie gives up, Cécile Ducrocq also stops fighting her material and starts to reap the benefits of seeds planted at an earlier, less frantic stage of proceedings.

    Despite his ambitions, Adrien normally subsists on junk food and drink.  Whether in student accommodation at the start or at his mother’s place later on, he’s surrounded – whenever he’s out of bed – by empty cans and crisps packets.  The character teeters on the edge of teenage-layabout cartoon but there’s always a bit more to Nissim Renard than that – and Adrien’s culinary interests are revealed gradually and effectively.  The scene in which the lawyer conducts a mock interview with Adrien is a highlight, the interviewee monosyllabic until he loses patience when asked why he wants to be a chef and snaps back, ‘I don’t know – why are you a tranny?’  The lawyer takes a deep breath and explains that she always liked wearing women’s clothes and, as a law student, started turning tricks.  The resilient reply startles Adrien, prising out of him a childhood memory of first looking in a cookery book and being fascinated by what he saw.  When Marie starts her stint in Germany, she insists Adrien also gets a job – ‘McDonald’s, anything’.  He starts work at a café-bar, waiting tables and generally helping out.  The owner eventually gives him a chance to prepare a dish or two.  By the end of the film, Adrien is cheffing regularly at the place and loving it.  He doesn’t need a culinary school for a happy ending:  as he told his mother early on, Perrandier was for ‘posh kids’ anyway.

    With the help of costume designer Ariane Daurat, Ducrocq and Calamy play a variation on the screen cliché of tart-with-a-heart-of-gold.  Marie has a matching coat – or, at least, a faux cloth-of-gold trench coat that’s her virtual uniform.  Her age, however, keeps changing (auditioning for Bruno, she says she’s thirty-five, then thirty-nine, in the space of a few gabbled sentences).  Laure Calamy was forty-six when she made the film but easily passes for ten years younger.  She’s vivacious, dynamic and glamorous yet never seems too classy.  In the penultimate scene, Marie goes to a party, attended also by Camille, the lawyer and her other colleagues.  We last saw this group together on their street protest.  It’s a little confusing that Ducrocq stages this later gathering as a celebration:  it gives the impression the prostitutes’ working conditions are now changing for the better – but it’s not clear how.  Still, the scene is more than justified as Marie dances along, and alone, to a favourite pop song (I didn’t recognise it).  Laure Calamy wonderfully conveys Marie’s mixed feelings here – of relief, regret, self-affirmation.  In the closing sequence, she’s back on the Strasbourg streets touting for business.  Marie approaches a car and speaks to the driver.  The car pulls away.  Cécile Ducrocq’s heroine is, as the film’s French title indicates, a woman of the world.  As the driver goes on his way, Laure Calamy’s face confirms that Marie knows the score but tells you, in the same expression, that a no is always a rejection.  Her Way is nothing special but the leading lady is so dominantly excellent that you end up feeling you admire not only her but the film as a whole.

    10 July 2023

  • La syndicaliste

    Jean-Pierre Salomé (2022)

    This dramatisation of the real-life ordeals of the Irish trade unionist Maureen Kearney is absorbing, thanks to its star, and exasperating, thanks to the script and direction.  Born in County Mayo in the mid-1950s, Kearney married a Frenchman and has lived in France since the mid-1980s.  Early sequences in La syndicaliste – adapted by Jean-Pierre Salomé and Fadette Drouard from a 2019 book of the same name by investigative journalist Caroline Michel-Aguirre – illustrate Kearney’s work as senior union representative at Areva, a French nuclear power company.  She chances upon information about a hush-hush deal between Electricité De France (EDF) and a Chinese power company.  Realising this may result in a major transfer of nuclear technology from Areva to China and the loss of thousands of French jobs, Kearney turns whistleblower and soon finds herself on the receiving end of anonymous threats and harassment.  (For example, a stone is chucked through the window of her car, while she’s sitting in it, by a smash-and-run assailant.)  These scenes comprise an extended flashback from a prologue that has made clear where they are heading.

    On 17th December 2012 – the day Kearney is due to meet with President François Hollande to discuss the EDF-China deal and its implications – a cleaner arrives at Kearney’s home to find her gagged and bound to a chair in the basement.  The letter ‘A’ has been scratched with a knife onto her stomach, a knife handle inserted in her vagina with the blade protruding.  Kearney tells the police she was overpowered, while at her bathroom mirror, by masked intruders (she thinks there were two), who then attacked and raped her.  What happens in the months and years ahead is differently traumatising.  An increasingly sceptical police investigation finds no forensic evidence to substantiate Kearney’s claims of intruders in her home or sexual assault.  The police accuse her of staging the incident and self-harming.  Under heavy pressure to do so, she withdraws her complaint but then changes her mind.  In 2013 she’s charged with dénonciation mensongère à une autorité judiciaire ou administrative entraînant des recherches inutiles’ – the French legal equivalent of ‘wasting police time’.  In 2017 she’s convicted of the charge, resulting in a five-month suspended sentence and a €5,000 fine.  The following year, she appeals successfully against the conviction and is cleared of charges of fabricating evidence.  Text at the end of La syndicaliste notes there has been no subsequent investigation of Kearney’s allegations and that her initial fears for the future of the workforce she represented were thoroughly vindicated.  Out of 50,000 Areva jobs, around seventy per cent have disappeared.

    From the start, Jean-Pierre Salomé’s approach is to supply incidental detail – the exact dates on which events took place – but next to no context.  It’s possible he neglects the latter because he thinks French viewers don’t need it although La syndicaliste is a French-German co-production that’s surely aiming for international audiences.  (The film’s title seems to be proving a headache on its worldwide release.  In some countries, it’s The Sitting Duck, which isn’t apt or appealing.  ‘The Trade Unionist’, a literal translation, doesn’t get pulses racing either.  Since both of those fail to convey that the title character is female, it’s not surprising La syndicaliste has been released in the UK and elsewhere under its original French name but this still feels like an admission of defeat.)  At the start, Maureen Kearney (Isabelle Huppert) learns that Anne Lauvergeon (Marina Foïs) is to be removed as Areva CEO and replaced by Luc Oursel (Yvan Attal) – by order of the French President (still Nicolas Sarkozy at this point).  It was only after seeing the film that I learned Areva was part-owned by the French state and that the hiring and firing of the company boss was a presidential matter.  After Maureen backtracks on withdrawing her complaint, the narrative jumps forward to ‘Four years later’.  That legend on the screen is followed, superfluously, by another, ‘May 2017’.  Salomé gives no indication, however, of why it took so long for the wasting-police-time case to come to court, or what anyone in the story was doing in the intervening years.

    The longer the film goes on, the longer the list of questions you want answering gets – and the more certain you become they won’t be answered.  At the 2018 appeal hearing that is the film’s climax, Kearney’s advocate, Hervé Témime (Gilles Cohen), produces compelling evidence to refute the police case that she staged her own assault, including tying herself up.  Shortly before the attack took place, she had injured her right shoulder in a fall at work (Salomé has shown this fall and Maureen’s subsequent treatment for it).  Doctors’ reports now confirm that damage to her shoulder would have made it impossible for her to bind herself as the police contend.  How come this medical evidence wasn’t produced until more than five years after she incurred the injury?  It’s true that Kearney’s previous lawyer (François Perache) is presented as weak and, in relation to the police, compliant – but why, then, didn’t she and her husband, Gilles (Grégory Gadebois), get a different lawyer while Maureen was still up for the fight (before, that is, the police had broken her resistance, albeit temporarily)?  When she’s told there’s no DNA evidence, Maureen’s incredulous but the matter seems not to be pursued – until Témime also discovers that test results mysteriously went missing on their journey back from the lab to the police.

    Whenever his script asks a question, Salomé reliably cuts before a reply is forthcoming.  For instance, Maureen is a fan of crime fiction – especially Ian Rankin novels.  She underlines passages in them with marker pens, just as she highlights documents at work.  The audience has probably wondered why, before Captain Brémont (Pierre Deladonchamps), leading police inquiries, does so.  When Brémont broaches the matter with Maureen, implying that she’s storing up handy hints on how to fake a crime, Salomé and his editors (Valérie Deseine and Aïn Varet) promptly intervene.  In retrospect, the unexplained Rankin detail seems nothing more than a tactic to make us wonder if Maureen might have invented the attack.  It’s one of several such tactics.  Maureen is shown to be an unreadably accomplished poker player.  The means of assaulting and binding her – the knife and gaffer tape – were taken from her own kitchen.  The family’s elderly Alsatian is a dog that didn’t bark when intruders entered the house.  It emerges that Maureen made a previous allegation of rape when she was twenty and still living in Ireland.

    These elements are designed to up the suspense in La syndicaliste – ditto Bruno Coulais’s conventional, overused score – but hardly serve their purpose since few viewers will believe a mainstream movie of the 2020s is going to reveal a protagonist like Maureen Kearney to be a liar.  You don’t need to know what actually happened in this case in order to take that view:  the protagonist’s gender is enough.  A film such as André Téchiné’s The Girl on the Train (2009) – also inspired by real-life events, in which a young woman falsely claimed, with self-inflicted injuries to support the claim, that a gang had attacked her on an RER train – is unlikely to get made today.  Besides, Salomé takes nearly every opportunity to present women and men in positions of power and/or responsibility in respectively positive and negative lights.  Anne Lauvergeon is chic, self-possessed and ousted by a reputedly chauvinist president; her hectic male successor has serious anger management issues.  Maureen does her job brilliantly; her right-hand man in Areva union work (François-Xavier Demaison) is pretty ineffectual.  Brémont brusquely disregards Chambard (Aloïse Sauvage), the only female officer on his team, when she draws attention to an attack on a woman several years previously with striking similarities to the alleged attack on Kearney.  Apart from game-changer Hervé Témime, the only exceptions to this tendentious scheme are the presiding judges at Maureen’s trial in 2017 (Andréa Bescond, smiley but deadly) and appeal hearing the following year (Sébastien Corona, neutral and reasonable).

    The film’s atmosphere of generalised misogyny has the effect of blurring Maureen Kearney’s particular political significance but this doesn’t seem to matter much to Jean-Pierre Salomé.  La syndicaliste features representations of real, powerful, living people and the crimes at the heart of the story remain unsolved.  Although that may explain Salomé’s muffled approach to the material, a more imaginative film-maker would have found a way of expressing a clear point of view without getting into legal hot water.  As it is, we never know whether the dishonest police investigation of Maureen’s claims is dictated by pressure from France’s political-economic establishment or sloppy, misogynist thinking on the part of the officers concerned.  The earlier attack that involved the same MO as the attack on Maureen returns with renewed importance in the closing stages.  The victim was the wife of a whistleblower.  The female cop gives Maureen a copy of the police file on the case (without there being any suggestion that Captain Chambard, as she now is, must be risking her career in doing so).  Maureen visits Véronique (Geno Lechner), the woman concerned, to hear her account of what happened; Véronique turns up outside the appeal court to cheer Maureen on; but I was none the wiser about the outcome of the police investigation in Véronique’s case.  Characters like Anne Lauvergeon are dropped from the story without explanation.  Arnaud Montebourg (Christophe Paou), Minister of Industrial Renewal in the Hollande administration in 2012 and 2013, appears still to be a minister in 2018, a year after the start of the Macron presidency (and four years after Montebourg actually left the Hollande government).

    The narrative’s undoubted momentum is created and sustained almost single-handedly by Isabelle Huppert, whose performance is a triumph of acting authority over nonsensical casting.  According to her Wikipedia profile, Maureen Kearney first became involved in French trade union activities after being hired by a subsidiary of what would later become Areva to teach English to technicians destined for work in Anglophone countries:  ‘Outraged at having seen young engineers fired without compensation, she joined the CFDT [Confédération française démocratique du travail], becoming its “figurehead” at Areva’.  After being cleared of criminal charges in 2018, Maureen doesn’t, in Salomé’s film anyway, resume her CFDT work but does return to teaching English as a foreign language.  The classroom sequence near the end of La syndicaliste is more conspicuous, though, for showing Isabelle Huppert speaking English as a foreign language:  even she can’t convince you it’s her native tongue.  Although her miscasting is epitomised in this moment at the blackboard, it goes deeper and wider.  Considering how many verbal insults are flung at Kearney in the course of La syndicaliste, it’s remarkable that none accuses her of being a trouble-maker who’s not even French.  But how could they?  Huppert’s screen presence is unarguably French:  Maureen Kearney’s effortlessly classy outfits, designed by Marité Coutard, emphasise it all the more.

    Yet Huppert compels attention superbly.  Her acting motor – a precision instrument, which operates at speed – carries you along, despite the fuzzy screenplay.  In the immediate aftermath to the terrifying attack, Maureen’s priority is to finish putting on her make-up:  Huppert’s application of her red lipstick immediately suggests the heroine’s determination to hold her nerve and the effort of will required to do so.  She’s an unbeatable choice to portray Maureen’s impatient intelligence and businesslike brio at work – as well as her poker face.  She dramatises Maureen’s increasing vulnerability without recourse to conventional emotional breakdown.  There’s some good work in supporting roles, even when these are written one-dimensionally (as they usually are).  Pierre Deladonchamps and Christophe Paou, a famous partnership in Alain Guiraudie’s Stranger by the Lake (2013), never share the screen in La syndicaliste but I liked both their characterisations.  Without making him crudely malign or stupid, Deladonchamps manages to suggest that the police captain Brémont is somehow out of his depth.  Paou’s complex plausibility ensures that Arnaud Montebourg is more than a standard-issue crooked politician.  Maureen Kearney’s relationships with her daughter (Alexandra Maria Lara) and even her husband are underwritten.  (Is he an orchestra musician – or conductor?)   But Grégory Gadebois gives Gilles an agreeable humour.  He brings about the few smiles the audience is likely to get out of Jean-Pierre Salomé’s grim story.

    5 July 2023

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